Effect of renal failure on concentrations of certain electrolytes and blood variants

Section: Research Article
Issue
Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Rafidain Environment July 2024
Published
Oct 6, 2025
Pages
43-51

Abstract

The current study investigated the relationship between electrolyte concentrations and some blood variables in patients with chronic renal failure visiting the dialysis centers at Al Salam and Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital in Nineveh Governorate. Atotal of 125 samples were collected, 95of which were for patients and 30 samples for healthy people of both sexes, to be considerd as acontrol groub for the period from October 2023 to February 2024. Some blood variables were measured (measuring the concentration of Hb,Pcv,PLT,Iron),and measuring the concentration of salts (Na,K,Cl) as indicators of the performance of kidney functions.The results of the current study showed clear variations in the concentration of the variable measured in these patients suffering from chronic renal failure ,and the concentrations of electrolytes, all of which showed significant differences between the studied groups (males and femals) and the control groups, as the percentage of increase in the concentration of potassium in male and female patients was(49%)compared to the control group,while the percentage of decrease in the concentration of sodium and chlorine was (27%,7%) in the serum of males with kidney failure, compared to the percentage of decrease in their concentrations in the serum of females suffering from kidney failure are (27%,9%)respectively.the results showed clear significant differences in the concentration of blood variables,as the percentage of decrease in Hb concentration in males and females reached (18%,36%) respectively. While the percentage of decrease in pcv concentration in males and females was (14%,34%).The percentage of decrease in platelet concentration in males and females was (36%,30%),while the percentage of decrease in iron concentration was (32%,31%) in males and females  respectively.

References

  1. Al-Ghanimi, H. H. M., Al-Wazni, W. S. & Al-Wadi, N. B. (2017). Haematological indces and iron status in renal failure patients in Babylon Governorate.
  2. Alghythan, A. K., & Alsaeed, A. H. (2012). Hematological changes before and after hemodialysis. Scientific Research and Essays, 7(4), 490-497.
  3. Altun, B., Arici, M., Haznedaroglu, I. C., Usalan, C., Erdem, Y., Yasavul, Ü., ... & Kirazli, Ş. (1999). Serum thrombopoietin levels in haemodialysis patients: involvement of arteriovenous fistula. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 14(9), 2173-2177.
  4. Asif, N., Hasan, S., & Hassan, K. (2018). Hematological changes in patients of chronic renal disease and their response to treatment with erythropoietin. International Journal of Pathology, 14-19.
  5. Bandak, G., & Kashani, K. B. (2017). Chloride in intensive care units: a key electrolyte. F1000Research, 6.
  6. Bei, H. Z., You, S. J., Zheng, D., Zhong, C. K., Du, H. P., Zhang, Y., ... & Liu, C. F. (2017). Prognostic role of hypochloremia in acute ischemic stroke patients. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 136(6), 672-679.
  7. Brugnara, C. & Eckardt, K. (2011). Hematologic aspects of kidney disease. Brenner and Rector’s The Kidney, Saunders, Philadelphia , p. 2081- 2120.
  8. Brunelli, S. M. & Berns, J. S. (2009). Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease. Nephrology Rounds,7(8):1-6. 19.
  9. Gouva, C., Papavasiliou, E., Katopodis, K. P., Tambaki, A. P., Christidis, D., Tselepis, A. D., & Siamopoulos, K. (2006). Effect of Erythropoietin on Serum paf-acetylhydrolase in patients with Chronic Renal Failure. Nephrology dialysis transplantation, 21(5), 1270-77.
  10. Costa, E., Rocha, C., Rocha-Pereira, P., Castro, E., Miranda, V., Faria, M. D. S., ... & Santos-Silva, A. (2008). Band 3 profile as a marker of erythrocyte changes in chronic kidney disease patients. The Open Clinical Chemistry Journal, 1(1).
  11. Erslev, A. J. & Besarab, A. (1997) . Erythropoietin in The Pathogenesis and Treatment of The Anemia of Chronic Renal Failure. Kidney Int, 51 : 622-630
  12. Habib, A., Ahmad, R., & Rehman, S. (2017). Hematological changes in patients of chronic renal failure and the effect of hemodialysis on these parameters. Int J Res Med Sci, 5(11), 4998-5003.
  13. Hassan, M., Qureshi, W., Sroujieh, L. S., Albashaireh, D., BouMalham, S., Liroff, M., ... & Alirhayim, Z. (2014). Interplay of parathyroid hormone and aldosterone antagonist in prevention of heart failure hospitalizations in chronic kidney disease. Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, 15(3), 278-285.
  14. Hinton, P. (2004). Statistics Explaned. 2nd ed.ByRoutledge. printed in the USA and Canada, 85-125.
  15. Hsu, C. Y., Bates, D. W., Kuperman, G. J., & Curhan, G. C. (2001). Relationship between hematocrit and renal function in men and women. Kidney international, 59(2), 725-731.
  16. Kawakami, T., Ren, S., & Duffield, J. S. (2013). Wnt signalling in kidney diseases: dual roles in renal injury and repair. The Journal of pathology, 229(2), 221-231.
  17. Khatri, M., Zitovsky, J., Lee, D., Nayyar, K., Fazzari, M., & Grant, C. (2020). The association between serum chloride levels and chronic kidney disease progression: a cohort study. BMC nephrology, 21, 1-10.
  18. Kopple, J. D., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., & Mehrotra, R. (2005). Risks of chronic metabolic acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney International, 67, S21-S27.
  19. Kumar, A. (2004). Anemial physiology. Discovery publishing house.
  20. Luttropp, K., Stenvinkel, P., Carrero, J., Pecoits-Filho, R. & Lindholm, B. (2008). Pediatric Nephrology 23: 1941-49.
  21. Meyer, T. W. & Hostetter, T. H. (2007). Uremia. New England Journal of Medicine, 357(13): 1316-1325.
  22. Mollaoglu, M. (2011). Sleep in patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis. Progress in Hemodialysis- from Emergent Biotechnology to Clinical Practice, 407-428.
  23. Nakamura, M., Seki, G., Iwadoh, K., Nakajima, I., Fuchinoue, S., Fujita, T., & Teraoka, S. (2012). Acute kidney injury as defined by the RIFLE criteria is a risk factor for kidney transplant graft failure. Clinical transplantation, 26(4), 520-528.
  24. Nitta, K. (2011).Vascular calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis, 15(6),513-521.
  25. Oren, A., Husdan, H., Cheng, P. T., Khanna, R., Pierratos, A., Digenis, G., & Oreopoulos, D. G. (1984). Calcium oxalate kidney stones in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Kidney international, 25(3), 534-538.
  26. Pennington, B. M., Howell, C. M., & Winograd, S. M. (2019). End-Stage Renal Disease, Hyperkalemia, and Dialysis. Emergency Medicine Reports, 40(13).
  27. Rhee, C. M., Ayus, J. C., & Kalantar-Zadeh, K. (2019). Hyponatremia in the dialysis population. Kidney international reports, 4(6), 769-780.
  28. Salman , N.A. & Al-Kaaby, H.H. (2021). Study of factors Affecting Chronic kidney Disease in Maysan Province, Southern Iraq .
  29. Singh, P., Deshwali, S., Potey, G. G., & Sharma, A. (2017). Study of serum sodium and serum potassium level in chronic renal failure. International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences, 4(11), 103-111.
  30. Stevens, A. & Lowe, J. (2000). Pathology. 2 nd ed., Mosby, Ending borough, pp. 350-375.
  31. Winearls, C.G. & Glassock, R.J. (2009). Dissecting and refining the staging of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 75:1009–14.

Authors

Rafah Ameer Khudur Al-Bawab
Mahmmoud Ismail Al-Jubouri

Identifiers

https://doi.org/10.33899/jre.v2i2.49894
Download this PDF file
PDF (العربية)

Statistics

Copyright and Licensing
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.